Doubleday, who died in 1898 at age 73, is buried at Arlington National … 26 civilwararchive.com/CORPS/1stcorps.htm. The Mills Commission, chaired by Abraham G. Mills, the fourth president of the National League, was appointed in 1905 to determine the origin of baseball. Doubleday rode with Lincoln on the train to Gettysburg for the Gettysburg Address and Col. and Mrs. Doubleday attended events with Mr. and Mrs. Lincoln in Washington. He lives in Olathe, Kansas, with his wife, Judy. While Abner Doubleday was no doubt a stand-up guy, one of the claims on a New York State historical marker outside his birthplace in Ballston Spa is most certainly untrue. But some people clearly thought otherwise. Spalding, an exemplar of hyper-American nationalism prevalent in the early years of the 20th century, believed baseball was invented in America, by an American. 17 Gumpert, Doubleday; Genealogytrails.com, West Point bios 1842 class. He attended school at Auburn and Cooperstown, where he prepared for a career in civil engineering. In his junior year, Doubleday stood 20th in a class of 60 members, scoring 17th in Drawing; 21st in Philosophy; and 27th in Chemistry. His paternal grandfather, Abner Doubleday fought in the American Revolutionary War while his maternal grandfather Thomas Donnelly also served in the army as a moun… Abner Doubleday, mistakenly credited as the inventor of baseball, served under Major Robert Anderson at the outbreak of the Civil War and later rose to the rank of brevet major general. He is best known, however for his links to baseball, and was credited for many years as having invented the game in the 1830s. This claim has been thoroughly debunked by baseball historians. [12], Doubleday died of heart disease in 1893. Abner Doubleday, born one of three sons to Ulysses and Hester Doubleday on June 26, 1819, in Ballston Spa, N.Y., was schooled at Auburn and Cooperstown, N.Y. Doubleday planned a career in civil engineering, but in 1838 he was appointed to West Point. He is credited in some circles as one of the fathers of baseball, but that has long since been debunked. As a lieutenant of the 1st Artillery, Doubleday was involved in the hostilities against the Apaches from 1854 to 1855 on the Texas border. Ft. 20 Rufus R. Dawes, Service with the Sixth Wisconsin Volunteers (Marietta, Ohio: E.R. ... My life in the Old Army: the Reminiscences of Abner Doubleday: from the Collections of the New-York Historical Society. Besides noting that he was a Civil War hero who fought in the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863, it also says that he founded the game of baseball 24 years prior in 1839. [6] He formally requested reinstatement as I Corps commander, but Meade refused, and Doubleday left Gettysburg on July 7 for Washington. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Paul H. Carlson, "Baseball's Abner Doubleday on the Texas Frontier, 1871–1873," Military History of Texas and the Southwest 12 (1974). At Antietam, he led his men into the deadly fighting in the Cornfield and the West Woods, and one colonel described him as a "gallant officer ... remarkably cool and at the very front of battle. First, his military career was lengthy and he “was the highest ranking officer in the Civil War to have been part of so many of the Civil War’s major events.”1 Second, he did not invent baseball, despite the false assertion from the Mills Commission and others. There, Doubleday was second in command to Major Robert Anderson, who was from Kentucky and was from a slave-owning family. The man once thought to have invented baseball was a United States Army officer named Abner Doubleday. Albany, New York, 1918. [5] He was wounded in the neck on the second day of Gettysburg and received a brevet promotion to colonel in the regular army for his service. They are buried at Arlington National Cemetery.34. Some historians make the argument that he kept Cemetery Ridge as part of the Federal lines during the first day’s fighting. The Abner Doubleday Little League and Babe Ruth Fields in Ballston Spa, New York, the town of his birth. He practiced as a surveyor and civil engineer for two years before entering the United States Military Academy[5] in 1838. Among the members of the honor guard at his funeral in New York was a man named Abraham Mills who would play a major role in Doubleday’s future fame. He was born on June 26, 1819, in Ballston Spa, N.Y. [6], In the summer of 1878, Doubleday lived in Mendham Township, New Jersey, and became a prominent member of the Theosophical Society. / Died: 26 January 1893: How many years did Abner Doubleday live? He fired the first shot in defense of Fort Sumter, the opening battle of the war, and had a pivotal role in … He was enrolled in Company L, 2nd New York Volunteer Heavy Artillery Regiment on January 1, 1864, and was mustered in as a 2nd Lieutenant on January 10, 1864. Hatch. It is possible Abner Doubleday really did play a game of Town Ball in the late 1830s in Cooperstown, as this was a common game and there would have been nothing unique about a young man playing a version of it, but he certainly didn’t do it in 1839. … Seen not as a foolhardy soldier but as a steadfast one, many times in the future Doubleday would be asked to anchor a line and protect the flank of a large body of soldiers. [17], Doubleday Field is a 9,791-seat baseball stadium named for Abner Doubleday, located in Cooperstown, New York, near the Baseball Hall of Fame. (Personal initiative was required since his division commander, Brig. The committee's final report, on December 30, 1907, stated, in part, that "the first scheme for playing baseball, according to the best evidence obtainable to date, was devised by Abner Doubleday at Cooperstown, New York, in 1839." [5], At the start of the Battle of Gettysburg, July 1, 1863, Doubleday's division was the second infantry division on the field to reinforce the cavalry division of Brigadier General John Buford. During his first year he stood 30th out of 85 plebes. The house of his birth still stands in the middle of town and there is a monument to him on Front Street. [4] He aimed the cannon that fired the first return shot in answer to the Confederate bombardment on April 12, 1861. Major Anderson remained in the Union Army, and Doubleday remarked that he was in a cruel situation.16, The Southerners opened fire on Sumter during the early morning hours of April 12, and Anderson offered only token resistance. Doubleday was posted to the garrison at Fort Moultrie at Charleston, South Carolina, in 1858, an assignment that had a huge influence on his military career.13 In the 1850s there was a huge split in the Army over slavery. His great grandfather Peter Donnelly was a Minuteman. He was also a Union general at the Battle of Gettysburg. His only return to combat was directing a portion of the defenses against the attack by Confederate Lieutenant General Jubal A. He and his wife, Mary, retired to Mendham, New Jersey. His father, Ulysses F., fought in the War of 1812, published newspapers and books, and represented Auburn, New York for four years in the United States Congress. He was appointed brigadier general of volunteers on February 3, 1862, and was assigned to duty in northern Virginia while the Army of the Potomac conducted the Peninsula Campaign. This is where Abner Doubleday and baseball were linked for the only time. He saw action at Fredericksburg, Virginia, in December 1862 and Chancellorsville May 2-4. He graduated from the military academy at West Point in 1842 and was an artillery officer in the Mexican War from 1846 to 1848 and in the Seminole War in Florida from 1856 to 1858. He fired the first shot in defense of Fort Sumter, the opening battle of the war, and had a pivotal role in the early fighting at the Battle of Gettysburg. [4] While in Washington, Doubleday remained a loyal Republican and staunch supporter of President Abraham Lincoln. In 1858 he was transferred to Fort Moultrie in Charleston Harbor serving under Colonel John L. Gardner. He died on January 26, 1893. During World War II, the liberty ship SS Abner Doubleday was named in his honor. Doubleday was a high-ranking officer, whose duties included seeing to provisions for the US Army fighting throughout the south and border states. [15], There is a monument to Doubleday at Gettysburg erected by his men, admirers, and the state of New York. In 1858 he posted to Florida. Doubleday was a cadet at West Point in the year of the alleged invention and his family had moved away from Cooperstown the prior year. [4] Abner spent his childhood in Auburn and later was sent to Cooperstown to live with his uncle and attend a private preparatory high school. In the movie The Ridiculous 6, Doubleday is portrayed by John Turturro. Join SABR’s Golden Lineup to help us celebrate our 50th Anniversary! Early in the Valley Campaigns of 1864. Abner Doubleday was born to Ulysses F. Doubleday and Hester Donnelly, in Ballston Spa, New York, on 26th June 1819. Frank Doubleday, founder of the Doubleday publishing empire, was also a distant cousin. Contact SABR, 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, http://sabr.org/sites/default/files/images/DoubledayAbner.jpg, /wp-content/uploads/2020/02/sabr_logo.png. After the Civil War, Doubleday mustered out of the volunteer service on August 24, 1865, reverted to the rank of lieutenant colonel, and became the colonel of the 35th U.S. Infantry in September 1867. Mary died on March 13, 1907. There may have been some relationship to baseball as a national sport and Abner Doubleday. [19] It has hosted the Hall of Fame Classic since 2009. Under the rules of engagement, the Fort Sumter garrison was allowed to vacate the fortress. Other members of his commission were Morgan G. Bulkeley, the National League’s first president; Arthur P. Gorman, a former player and president of the Washington Base Ball Club; Nicholas E. Young, president of the National League from 1884 to 1902; Alfred J. Cronkite School at ASU Abner Doubleday, (born June 26, 1819, Ballston Spa, N.Y., U.S.—died Jan. 26, 1893, Mendham, N.J.), U.S. Army officer, once thought to be the inventor of baseball. [21], Doubleday Field at the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, where the Army Black Knights play at Johnson Stadium, is named in Doubleday's honor.[22]. Doubleday was in the midst of heavy fighting in the Corn Field and West Woods.19 Late in the battle, Doubleday was wounded when a shell exploded under his horse’s nose, causing the rider and the horse to run over steep rocks. Having acquired the “evidence” they needed, no one bothered to check further with Graves. During World War II, the liberty ship SS Abner Doubleday was named in his honor. Gumpert’s work on Doubleday supplies much of this biography. During his years at West Point, “he did not leave West Point from August 1838 until graduation in 1842”;7 he was considered to be a “diligent and thoughtful student, something of a critic,” and was “fond of questions in moral philosophy.”8 Doubleday was commissioned a brevet second lieutenant in the 3rd Artillery and was sent to Fort Johnson in North Carolina as his first assignment.9. 16 Abner Doubleday, Reminiscences of Forts Sumter and Moultrie: In 1860-61 (New York: Harper, 1876), 126. He published newspapers and books and served two terms in the US Congress.4, In the library at the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in Cooperstown is a letter that gives some insight into how Abner Doubleday spent his youth. That, coupled with the dubious conclusion that baseball had no connection to any foreign game, gave the owners the ammunition they needed to promote baseball as the national pastime.”36, While that helped the owners and eventually led to establishment of the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, the claims of the Mills Commission were spurious and based on evidence that today would not stand up in any court. Abner Doubleday. In the mini-series "North and South" George Hazzard is seen watching a primitive form of baseball with a wounded Orry Main, while referring to the game being invented by Doubleday, a fellow West Point cadet. This flies in the face of the fact that Doubleday was a plebe at West Point at that time, was only 20 years old, and had never left West Point from August 1838 until his graduation in 1842. In the 23rd episode of the anime Samurai Champloo, titled "Baseball Blues", Doubleday and Alexander Cartwright are featured as American naval officers who engage the main characters and local Japanese people into a baseball game, which the Americans lose. They had no children. In both battles Doubleday’s men acquitted themselves well.18, South Mountain was the precursor to Antietam, the bloodiest one-day battle of the war. [9] At Fredericksburg in December 1862, his division mostly sat idle. He attended West Point, and graduated in 1842 with a commission in the artillery. [2] Part of the confusion could stem from there being another man by the same name in Cooperstown in 1839.[14]. He retired from the United States Army in 1873 and died in 1893. Elisha was born on January 30 1713, in USA. 15 Meredith L. Jones, “In Memoriam Abner Doubleday, 1819-1893,” commemorative address, New York Monuments Commission for the Battlefields of Gettysburg, Chattanooga and Antietam; and John Cleveland Robinson, 1817-1897. Volunteers. Abner Doubleday (June 26, 1819 – January 26, 1893) was a career United States Army officer and Union major general in the American Civil War. Research on Gumpert’s work was provided by Mark Pattison. The commission based its decision on a letter to a newspaper by Abner Graves of Denver, who claimed he had seen Doubleday making drawings on baseball. 6 Tim Arango, “Myth of Baseball’s Creation Endures, With a Prominent Fan,” New York Times, November 20, 2010. So what about Abner Doubleday’s “invention” of baseball? He was stationed in San Francisco from 1869 through 1871 and he took out a patent for the cable car railway that still runs there, receiving a charter for its operation, but signing away his rights when he was reassigned. [7] He retired in 1873. During the first day’s battle Doubleday’s troops suffered nearly 65 percent casualties, but also blunted the onslaught of troops under Confederate Generals Harry Heth and Robert Rodes.26, Doubleday believed he would assume command of the I Corps, but the commander of the Army of the Potomac, George Meade, gave the command to John Newton. 36 David W. Anderson, More than Merkle: A History of the Best and Most Exciting Baseball Season in Human History (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2000, xxvii. It was Doubleday's finest performance during the war, five hours leading 9,500 men against ten Confederate brigades that numbered more than 16,000. Volunteers in the Army of the Potomac. His maternal grandfather was a messenger for George Washington in the early years of the Revolution. 9 Letter to Bert Gumpert from Kenneth W. Rapp, acting chief, US Military Academy Archives, February 11, 1977. Doubleday was humiliated by this snub and held a lasting grudge against Meade, but he returned to division command and fought well for the remainder of the battle. In short, the Army’s stance toward slavery was as divided as it was in the rest of the country. [6] In 1852, he married Mary Hewitt of Baltimore, the daughter of a local lawyer. Phoenix, AZ 85004 Had the jagged part struck first it would have killed me.”29, Doubleday was assigned to the defense of Washington, and his last combat was in fighting off Confederate General Jubal Early during raids in 1864. Artillery. Mary died on March 13, 1907. For the morale of the men, he is said to have provisioned balls and bats for the men. In the 1870s, he was listed in the New York business directory as lawyer. Doubleday’s first combat came during the Mexican War. [5], On July 2, 1863, Army of the Potomac commander Maj. Gen. George G. Meade replaced Doubleday with Major General John Newton, a more junior officer from another corps. His men fought well in the morning, putting up a stout resistance, but as overwhelming Confederate forces massed against them, their line eventually broke and they retreated back through the town of Gettysburg to the relative safety of Cemetery Hill south of town. When he died at the age of 73 in 1893, an objective observer would most likely say that his life had been fully lived. When did Abner Doubleday die? In San Francisco, after the war, he obtained a patent on the cable car railway that still runs there. Doubleday assumed administrative duties in the defenses of Washington, D.C., where he was in charge of courts martial, which gave him legal experience that he used after the war. Army and a general for the Union during the Civil War. He received a brevet promotion to lieutenant colonel in the regular army for his actions at Antietam and was promoted in March 1863 to major general of volunteers, to rank from November 29, 1862. 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